The flow of charge through electric circuits is discussed in detail. January 19, 2020 november 17, 2010 by mini physics this topic covers dc circuits of a level physics. For electrical charge to flow through a closed circuit the circuit must include a source of potential difference. Physics notes form 1 to 4 physics form 4, 3, 2, 1 notes free. Students vote on answers electronically and their answers are. Questions are posed to the class to stimulate discussion and indicate how concepts are going over. Since we have three resistors, lets apply a different equation to each as an exercise. Click to read even more a level physics notes and download our comprehensive revision material today. Physics 0909 dc circuits containing resistors and capacitors. In a series circuit electrons flow along a single path through 2 or more loads before. The design of such circuits will depend on the inputs available and the output required. Current i is the rate of flow of charge carriers, such as electrons. A direct current does not have a continually changing polarity, unlike an alternating current ac, but instead a constant direction and rate of flow. Notes, flashcards, videos and past exam questions by topic for aqa physics a level section 5 electricity.
Current is usually thought of as moving in the direction of positive charge, so from the positive power supply to the negative. Cambridge international as and a level physics builds on the. A circuit which is particularly useful involves the division. Voltage divider circuits a voltage divider circuit consists of two or split the supply voltage between the resistors. There is a potential difference voltage between these poles. It does not matter if the batteries are 15 volts each. The best physics as and a level notes, revision guides, tips and websites compiled from all around the world at one place for your ease so you can prepare for your tests and examinations with the satisfaction that you have the best resources available to you. Notes on alternating current class 12 page 01 alternating current a. C is the current that changes in magnitude direction continuously with respect to time.
Circuit theory i thevenins theorem thevenins theorem states that a linear twoterminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source v th in series with a resistor r th where v th is the open circuit voltage at the terminals and r th is the input or equivalent resistance. A circuit that will switch on when it is cold not hot and light truth tables can be drawn for these simple logic gates. In this device, the charge travels uphill from lower to higher v opposite to normal conductor due to the emf force. Chapter 28a direct current circuits a powerpoint presentation by paul e. We can describe the flow of electric charge in several ways. The electric circuits notes pdf ec pdf notes book starts with the topics covering voltage and current sources, network reduction techniques, r. Its resistance decreases with increasing light intensity. This question may be easily answered with only a voltmeter, two batteries, and a single jumper wire to connect the two batteries in series. January 19, 2020 may 14, 2012 by mini physics this topic covers dc circuits of o level physics. The key to solving this problem is to recognize the structure of the circuit. Physics notes form 1 free download kcse revision notes pdf. Apr 08, 2015 the best physics as and a level notes, revision guides, tips and websites compiled from all around the world at one place for your ease so you can prepare for your tests and examinations with the satisfaction that you have the best resources available to you.
In this article, the fundamentals of electric charge, current, potential difference, resistance and conservation of charge are discussed. The main difference between ac and dc lies in the direction in which the. At any junction in a circuit, the total current leaving the junction total current entering the junction. R 1 r 2 v 1 2 to calculate the voltage across each resistor the following. There is a potential difference voltage between these.
Kirchoffs laws and how they are used in simple electrical circuits. Cambridge international as and a level physics builds on the skills acquired at cambridge igcse or equivalent level. Introduction to circuits and ohms law video khan academy. Module 2 basic dc theory this module describes the basic concepts of direct current dc electrical circuits and discusses the associated terminology. The voltage source, the capacitor, and the two resistors are in parallel to each other, meaning that they have the same voltage. S and average values and form factor for different periodic wave forms, series rl, rc, rlc and.
Chapter 25 current, resistance and electromotive force. Dc is generally provided by batteries or via a transformer, rather than generators. He received the first nobel prize in physics in 1901 in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the. Energy transferred through a power supply per unit coulomb in a circuit. The teal classroom includes the opportunity for students to use the personal response system prs. Physics 1003 magnetic force on currentcarrying wire. Here you can download the free lecture notes of electric circuits pdf notes ec notes pdf materials with multiple file links to download. For each topics, there are a level revision questions with worked solutions that you can attempt. Directcurrent circuits chapter 21 electric current and. Physics 1002 magnetic fields and force on a moving charge. Instructor what we will introduce ourselves to in this video is the notion of electric circuits and ohms law, which you can view as the most fundamental law or the most basic law or simplest law when we are dealing with. The course should teach candidates how to make measurements using many different types of instruments. Higher physics electricity notes teachers booklet mrs physics.
Electric power power energytime current x voltage p iv i2r 1 watt 1 amp1 volt 1 kilowatt watts a kilowatthour is a unit of energy the end ch 34 electric current notes concept summary batesville high school physics potential difference charges can lose potential energy by moving from a location at high potential. Verify your calculations by adding the voltage drops. These power point lessons help to teach and learn physics. Add resistors, light bulbs, wires and ammeters to build a circuit, explore ohms law. In a simple circuit that is used to light a bulb with a battery, the battery provides direct currenta current flowing in only one direction. In the figure below, the resistance of the ldr is 6. Scientists are people trained in science and who practice the knowledge of science. Power point lessons of physics physics for o level. Equivalent to american high school diploma if this is too basic for you, you can try the more advanced version here. All other sciences are built on a knowledge of physics. Capacitance, resistance, dc circuits 20, richard white.
Lecture notes electricity and magnetism physics mit. Electromotive force and circuits no steady motion of charge in incomplete circuit. Calculating resistance, voltage, and current using ohms law. An electric circuit is a complete path through which electricity travels circuits are made up of wires and electrical parts such as batteries, light bulbs, resistors, motors and switches a circuit diagram is a shorthand method of describing a working circuit. In electronics, including the text, the term \voltage refers to the physical quantity of either potential or emf. As physics chapter notes direct current circuits a. A lens is conventionally defined as a piece of glass which is used to focus or change the direction of a beam of light passing through it. Diodes and diode circuits tlt8016 basic analog circuits 20052006 6 exercise 3. These include the quantities current, voltage and power. It can be represented as, the currents and voltages in a. Electrostatics pdf electrostatics problem solving pdf. Current can be measured at any point in a series circuit and give the same result at a junction in a circuit, current splits in proportion to the resistance in each branche.
Sat test prep in washington dc, gre test prep in washington dc. Difference between ac and dc in tabular form physics. The notes available here are great for revision and studying on the go. The equivalent capacitance of the three capacitors is.
Brown physics textbooks introductory physics i and ii a lecture note style textbook series intended to support the teaching of introductory physics, with calculus, at a level suitable for duke undergraduates. Ace your physics here with revision notes and practice questions for gce o a level. Tippens, professor of physics southern polytechnic state university. Jul 31, 2017 a direct current dc circuit usually has a steady and constant voltage supplied to it. It can be used in a potential divider circuit to monitor light intensity. In the diagram on the right, the current splits into proportions dependent on the resistors. In alternating current, current keeps switching directions periodically forward and backward. Current can be measured at any point in a series circuit and give the same result at a junction in a circuit, current splits in proportion to the resistance in each branch.
Class notes 1 1 basic principles in electromagnetism, voltage is a unit of either electrical potential or emf. A level physics electricity complete circuits questions aqa. Complete a level physics notes cambridge international as and a level physics builds on the skills acquired at cambridge igcse or equivalent level. Tippens, professor of physics southern polytechnic state university a powerpoint presentation by. The values of each resistor can therefore be found using. Lens are used in making spectacles, cameras, cinema projectors, microscopes and telescopes. The sum of the currents entering a junction is equal to the sum of the currents leaving that junction. Introduction to electronics ii dedication human beings are a delightful and complex amalgam of the spiritual, the emotional, the intellectual, and the physical. Electricityas level physics notes series and parallel circuits. The junction rule holds because the rates of charge flowing in and out of a junction are always equal. It is the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. Also series and parallel circuits, thermistor, light dependent resistor and light emitting diode circuits. Physics is the study of the basic principles that govern the physical world around us.
For a polarized fixed capacitor which has a definite polarity, figure 5. The fundamental principle may still be investigated with batteries of any voltage, so this is a very easy demonstration to set up during discussion time. Free practice questions for ap physics 2 understanding dc circuit diagrams. Volume 2 of 4 module 3 dc circuits this module introduces the rules associated with the reactive components of inductance and capacitance and how they affect dc circuits. We can understand science in general much better if we understand physics. The a level physics content here is equivalent to the physics required for advanced placement.
These truth tables should show all the possible input combinations, the logic levels at important. They should see the instruments, handle them, discuss their scales and the scale units before using the instruments. Instructor what we will introduce ourselves to in this video is the notion of electric. Physics notes on the alternative to practical paper. While in the direct current it flows in a single direction steadily. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. This paper is an alternative to a practical exam, not an alternative to a practical course. Jan 19, 2020 this topic covers dc circuits of a level physics. These power point lessons are specially designed o physics for 5054 syllabus. So setup two equations for v for each then i is the same for both. The syllabus includes the main theoretical concepts which are fundamental to the subject, a section on some current applications of physics, and a strong emphasis on advanced practical skills. Complete as level physics notes cambridge international as and a level physics builds on the skills acquired at cambridge igcse or equivalent level. Physics is the most basic of the living and nonliving sciences.
Resistors in circuits practice the physics hypertextbook. On a series circuit they should equal the voltage increase of the power supply. Equivalent to advanced placement if this is too advanced for you, you can try the more basic version here. Direct current flows in one direction and has one value. Mar 06, 2012 looking at the basic principles of electricity. Tom notes that the the bulb has an e ective resistance of 5. A light dependent resistor ldr is a resistor whose resistance varies with the intensity of light falling on it. This article is concerned with the analysis of simple direct current circuits of two types. The variables which cause and hinder the rate of charge flow are explained and the mathematical application of electrical principles to series, parallel and combination circuits is presented. Potential difference voltageemf in a battery, a series of chemical reactions occur in which electrons are transferred from one terminal to another.
Home as physics chapter notes direct current circuits. Circuits make computers, digital cameras, and video games possible. A level students revision for chemistry, physics, geography and maths. In a parallel circuit it is the voltage which remains constant through each arm of the circuit. Ap physics 1 syllabus ap physics 1 is an introductory algebrabased physics course designed to mirror a universitylevel firstsemester physics course. Physics a level h2 paper 2 2008 1 specimen paper for h2 physics 9745 1 superposition lecture notes 1 tips for handling a level physics paper 1 1 tutorials current of electricity 1 tutorials dc circuits 1 tutorials electrical field no worked solutuons 1 tutorials electromagnetism 1 tys nuclear physics and radioactivity 1. Compare and contrast series, parallel and combination circuits. In this topic youll learn about the physics behind the electronic devices we use.
The lecture notes were prepared in latex by james silva, an mit student, based upon handwritten notes. Notes, flashcards, videos and past exam questions by topic for aqa physics alevel section 5 electricity. Physics igcse 2012 exam revision notes by samuel lees and adrian guillot 1. Do all this without the fear of being electrocuted as long as you dont use your computing device in the bath tub. In an electric circuit there should be a device that acts like the water pump in a fountain source of emf. The course notes were written by john belcher, peter dourmashkin, and senben liao. Diodes and diode circuits tlt8016 basic analog circuits 20052006 20 3. Jan 12, 2020 revision notes for a level physics coursework h1 and h2. These include the quantities current, voltage and power current. Circuits are driving an unprecedented rate of change in how we live.
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